Arc-lamp.



UNITED STATES PATENT oF-FICE.

mer-mno VFLEMING, or' swsrffrsoor1f,v AND oRoMWELL A. -B. HALvonsoN, JR., or LYNN;

MASSACHUSETTS,--ASSIGNORS vTO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION F NEW YORK.

No. v866,012.

ARC-LAMP.

` musees sept. 17,1907.

Application led March 12,1904, Serial No. 197,827. Renewed April 7,1906, Y lo. 310,474.

To all whom it may omwem:

Be it known that we, Rrcrmnn FLEMING and CRoM WELL A. B. HALvoRsoN, Jr., citizens of the United States,residing, respectively, at Swampscott, county `of ssx, State of Massachusetts, and at Lynn, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain'new and usefullmprovements in Arc-Lamps, of

which the following is a specification. Y

With many materials which may be employed in the composition of arc light electrodes, such for instance as titanium` carbid, the arcing end ofthe electrode may become more or less covered with a' film or la'yer of material formed by the arc which is nonconducting when cold.

.The object of our present invention is the provision of' means for starting an arc from such electrode.

In carrying out our invention we provide means for starting an arc from'the side of the electrode some distance below its end and then transferring the arc to the end ofthe electrode. With-a negative electrode giving a llaming or luminous arc a nonconsuming positive electrode may be employed, and

in the drawings whichiorm a part of the present application we have shown our invention employed in connection with such an electrode.

The various, features of novelty whichcharacterize our invention are pointed out witheparticularity 'in the claims annexed to and forming a of this specif fica-tion. i

For a. better understanding oi our invention, however, reference may be made 'to the accompanying drawings and.descrption in which we have illustrated and described one embodiment of it.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a. view partly inY elevaltion and partly diagrammatic illustrating an arc lamp equipped with'our invention; Fig. 2 is an elevation with parts broken away and in section showing a portion of the mechanism; and Fig. 3 is a similar'view showing the parts in a different position.

Our invention may' be advantageously employed in connection with the lamp shown andp'des'cribcd in application ior a patent on arc lamps, Serial No.

181,332, filed jointly by us on the 16th day"of November', 1903. The mechanism shown -in the drawings is substantially the same as that shown in the application aforesaid except as it is modified by the addition of our presentinvention.

Referring tx) the drawings, 1 represents a platform forming a part of the lamp frame work. A tubular member 2 forming a part of the draft tube or chimney of the lamp is secured to, and insulated from, the

under side of the platform 1 in any suitable manner.

' Slots 3 are formed near the lower end of the tubular member 2 through which the main positive nonconsuming electrode, inthe form of bar 4, may pass. AThe har 4 is preferably formed of wrought copper. The ends of the bar 4 are clamped between the end of a pair of bow shaped members 5l and 6, The bow shaped members 5 and 6 are pivotally connected to' the tubular member 2 at diametrically opposed points by screws 7. The pivotal copper or carbonis carriodyby the bar 4 near oneof its f ends. -The member 8 my be integmuyr 1y connected the ber 4 but is preferably pvod" to" the bar as shown. The lowerend of the'meinber 8 'extends somewhat to the right-of the body ofthe .member when the parts in the position shown in mg- 3. n

A projection 6 the arm-6 is I to a U-shaped armature 9 which with its copexating windinglOis mounted above the `platform 1. -To the under side of the amature 9 is secured one end of the pawl 11 of a clutch 11l which engagesa vertical tubular member 12. To the lower end of the tubular I' '12, which slides on' suitably supported guide ma 12', is secured an arml which has' formed in its freeenda socket 14 in which the negativeconsuming electrode 15 is held in line with the axis of the tubular member i 2. The electrode 15 is preferably iormedf or contains some substance giving a flaming or luminous arc, such as titanium carbid. When theelectxode is formed of titanium carbid it is preferablycoated with copper.

When the windings 10 are energized in ,a manner hereinafter described the armature 9` will be'raised and the clutch 11 will engage the member l2 and move the electrode 15 into engagement with the under side ofthe arc shaped member 4 which will then beoscillated into the position shown in Fig. 3 by the4 link connection between it`and the armature. Wherrthe .clutch 11 is in the position shown in Fig-1 itsyoke rests upon the upper vsurface of a stop 17 adjustably mounted onda rod 18 extending upward from the platform l, and the member 12 is free to move through it. 4The pawl 19 of a clutch 20 is normally held in engage ment with the member 12 by the action of a spring 20. When the member 12 is the clutch 20 will move upward with the member l2 until the pawl 19 strikes the lower surface of the stop 17, after which the member 12 will move through the yoke of the clutch 20. .In the position shown in Fig. 1 the pawl 19 rests against the upper side of a stop 21 also secured to the rod-18.

The circuit arrangements of the lamp and itsoperation may be better understood from Fig. 21, in which 4 30 and 31 represent the Limp terminals. A conductor 32 connects the terminal 30 to the electrode 15. One terminal ofthe windings is also connected to the terminal 30. The other end of thel windings 10 is connected to a contact member 33 by a conductor 34. The

contact member 33 is carried by an armature 35 pivot- 4ally mounted on the cor: 36 of an electro magnet 37. When the electro magnet ,7 is denergized the contact 33 is in engagement with a contact member 38 but when the electro magnet is energized the contacts are separated. l The Contact member 38 is connected by a conductor 39 to one terminal of a resistance conductor 40,4 the outer end of which is connected to the ter- 'A conductor 41 connects one terminal of-a voltage coil 42 withthe line 39. The other terminal'of the `voltage coil 42 is connected to the conductor 34. A

- conductor 4 3 connects the lamp terminal 31 with one end of the winding of electro magnet 37. The other end Aof the winding ofthe magnet 37 is in electrical connection with a conductor 44 which in turn is in electrical connection with: the positive electrode 4 of the lamp.

lThe pivoted armature 45 cooperating with the voltagei'c'oil42 carries a contact'46 which is normally separatedlfrin, but is adapted under 'some circumstances to eri'gage, the contact 47 carried by the core of the magi'et. A'conductor 4 8 connects the contact 46 to theline 43. A. conductor 49 connectsthe contact 47 with thelower terminal of the winding of the electro magnet 37.

The out-of service condition of thelamp is shown in Fig. 1. When the lamp terminals are connected to a suitable source, current will begin to flow between the terminals 30 and 31 through thewindingslO, conductor 34, contacts 33 and 38, conductor 39 and resistance conductor 40. The passage of current through the windings 10 will cause the armature 9 to be raised. This will move the electrode 15 into contact with the under side of the electrode 4,! which at the same, time is'oscillated into the position-.shown in Fig. 3. In this position, as is clearly shown in the drawing, the lower end of the swinging member 8 will engage the sideof the electrode 15 at a point far enough below its upper end to insure freedom from any layer oi norrconducting material formed by the arc. Though the presence of non-conducting material on the end of the electrode 15 may prevent the passage of current directly from the end of the electrode 15 to the bar 4, current can flow between the side of the electrode 15 and the bar 4 through the member 8', which then serves as an auxil- 4will begin to descend and the member 4 begin to swing back into the position shown in Fig. 2. Ars thc nreinber 8 and electrode 15 separate an are will be drawn between them which will be transferred from the mem# i ber 8 to the body of the bar 4, as the movement of the separation continues. The heat`` produced by this arc lwill very soon cause the end'of the electrode 15 to become conducting after which the are will extend from its upper end. The downward movement of the electrode 15 will be limited by the engagement of the pawl 19 with the stop 21. When suicicntly good contact is made between the end of the electrode 15 and the bar 4 it will oi course be understood that the arc may be formed initially between the electrode 15and the bar 4. The voltage coil 42 is so proportioned that for ordinary arc lengths the current passing through its winding will be insuflicient to move the armature 45. When engagement .with the Contact member 38, closing the circuit through the winding 10. The electrode 15 will then be again moved into engagement with the under side of the bar 4 after which an arc will again- `be struck in the manner hereinbefore described.l The we have illustrated and described one-'form in which our invention may be embodied ywe do vnot intendthat the claims annexed Ito and forming s part'of this specification shall be limitedtothis embodiment'more than is made necessary by the state of the art asmany changes may be madeiu' thoA form: of lour invention j without departing from its spirit. i.

What we claim as n`ewand` desire swurc'byf Letters Patent of the United Statcs, is: f l' ``r 1. In an are lamp, s movnbiefnon-consumingelectrode,

n movable consuming electrode, and s memberfclrr'lod by.

the non-consuming electrode for engaging said'eonnuming electrode some distance from its nrcing end in the feeding operution of the l'arnp. 2. ln :in nrc lamp, a vertical movable' consuming.eiec trode, nn oscillating non-consuming electrode, and: .member cnrricd Vthereby for engagingth sideoilslidconsuming electrode at the sametlrne that theendof theconsumin: electrode engngceilmV nou-cnsumngleictrod y 2i. In nu nrc lmnp,l 'an eicctrodecomrising trarne provided with .-1 main srcing surface sndgsn auxiliar-y.A are# ing surface, a. second.electr-odeL norrnlllxjqrsrited from the iirst monlioncd'eiectnxle, vn n'dfrne'sns forcunning tiis first-mentioned electrode to ehgrige a'fitsh'ui'iliir'y vsl'cing surface willi the side of the-second' electrode during thev feeding op'erulion of the lamp. i 4. in :in are lamp, a movsbiefnon-eonsunxing electrode, n pencil shaped consuming electrodetrentine end ot which un nrc extends' to' the non-consuming electrode in the normal operation o( the lump, und n member' curr-lcd hyl suid nonco'nsuriing electrode, andmduptedto engngc with the consuming electrode some distance beiow its nrcing end in the feeding operation ot the lump.-

5. In an arc lamp', s consuming electrode reciprocated 'ln the Ieedlng operation of the lump, a non-consuming electrode owwlllntedv in the feeding operation ot the' lump, and a member carried by said non-consuming electrode ndnpted to engage the side of said consuming elcetrodey in the feeding operation of the lump.

G. In nn are lamp, n movnble non-consuming elctrodeh und un uugdliury electrode movubly connected thereto.

7. In`un.urc lamp, a. movable nonconsumng electrode. und an auxiliary nononsuming electrode movalbly secured thereto'.

8. 1n an nrelnmp, a plvoted uunconsu|ning electrode, nud un auxiliary electrode plvoted thereto.

9. In nn arclump, n movable non-consuming electrode .L5M@run-:d out o( copper, und an auxiliary copper electrode connected thereto. l A

l0. In combination, u parir of copcruling electrodes,

fmd n side startcr-carriedby one of ihe electrodes and adapted to engage the other.

11. In ln arc lamp, l. movable nonfonsumlng electrode, u consuming electrode from the end of which .un arc exlends to the non-consuming electro'de in the normal opera4 

